The National Center for Meteorology issued an important report warning of impending weather fluctuations, with moderate to heavy rainfall expected in Mecca , accompanied by several severe weather phenomena. These warnings come as part of the authorities' commitment to the safety of citizens, residents, and visitors to the Holy Mosque, especially given the forecast of strong surface winds that could lead to near-zero horizontal visibility.
Details of the rainfall situation in Mecca and the areas covered by the warning
The report issued by the National Center for Meteorology indicated that rainfall in Makkah will affect several governorates and districts within the region, most notably Al-Qunfudhah, Al-Lith (including Bani Yazid, Jadham, and Yalamlam), as well as Adham and Bahrah (Al-Shuaiba). The effects will also extend to open areas and highways, requiring extreme caution from drivers.
The center indicated that this weather system will begin, God willing, at 4:00 AM tomorrow and continue until 8:00 PM. These rains will be accompanied by thunderstorms, hail, and flash floods in valleys and ravines, as well as a noticeable rise in waves along the coasts. This weather system is not limited to Mecca; most regions of the Kingdom are expected to experience rainfall from Monday, March 23rd to Saturday, March 28th, with intensity ranging from light to moderate to heavy.
Climate context: Weather changes in Saudi Arabia
Historically, the Arabian Peninsula, and Saudi Arabia in particular, has been known for its extreme weather fluctuations during seasonal transitions, such as spring and autumn. The western region, which encompasses Mecca, is characterized by complex mountainous terrain and the Hijaz Mountains, which play a pivotal role in the formation of cumulonimbus clouds. When moist air masses from the Red Sea meet cold air masses in the upper atmosphere, atmospheric instability develops, leading to sudden heavy rainfall and flash floods. These weather patterns are not new; they are part of the region's natural weather cycle. However, global climate change in recent years has made these phenomena more extreme and frequent, necessitating constant vigilance and the sustainable development of early warning systems.
Expected effects of weather fluctuations at the local and regional levels
These weather changes have far-reaching effects. Locally, the heavy rains and flash floods directly impact infrastructure and traffic, particularly on the highways connecting cities in the western region. Saudi authorities are also prioritizing the safety of pilgrims and worshippers at the Grand Mosque in Mecca, activating comprehensive emergency plans for rainwater drainage and securing the courtyards. On the other hand, these rains have a significant positive impact by replenishing groundwater and supporting vegetation and agriculture in the surrounding valleys. Regionally, this rainfall is part of a broader low-pressure system affecting various parts of the Arabian Gulf, reflecting the interconnectedness of the region's climatic systems.
Safety guidelines for dealing with extreme weather phenomena
Given these forecasts, the General Directorate of Civil Defense and relevant authorities emphasize the need for caution. It is advised to avoid valleys and flood channels, and to stay away from water accumulations and low-lying areas. Drivers are urged to adhere to speed limits and maintain safe distances to avoid accidents caused by slippery roads or reduced visibility due to dust storms and downdrafts. Following safety instructions and staying updated on official information from the National Center of Meteorology is the first line of defense to ensure everyone's safety.
